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Firstly:
Defining one's intention (Niyyat) exclusively for 'Hajj' Pilgrimage on
starting the journey and wearing 'Ihram' with this very intention. 'Hajj'
and 'Umra' are not added together. The Hajj of this kind is called 'Ifrad'
and its' observer is named as 'Mufrid'.
Secondly:
Adding 'Hajj' and 'Umra' together and defining one's intention for both
of them from the very beginning. 'Ihram' is also to be worn jointly for
both. It is called 'Qiran' and one who performs this kind is termed as
'Qarin'.
Thirdly:
Adding Umra and Hajj together in a way that from Miqat the Ihram is first
worn only for Umra. Hajj is not intended with this Ihram. On reaching
Mecca the obligations of : Umra are discharged and the pilgrim has his
hair cut or shaven, thus ending his Ihram of Umra. On the 8th of the month
of Zilhijja the Ihram for Hajj is worn a fresh from 'Masjid-ul-Haram'
This kind of Hajj is named as 'Tamattu' and its performer is called as
'Mutamatte'.
A 'Hajj' pilgrim is at liberty to chose anyone of these three kinds but
Qiran is pre-eminent among them. All the three kinds differ with one another
in respect of one's defining intention and wearing 'Ihram' therefor. They
are also at variance with one another in some practices of performing
them. Their distinctions should therefore be carefully instilled in mind.
The Difference Between The Abovementioned Three Kinds Of Hajj:
The first point where these three kinds are at variance with one another
lies in determining one's intention therefor. In the first kind of Hajj
that is to say in 'Ifrad' at the time of wearing 'Ihram' one has to intend
to perform Hajj only. In the Hajj of the 2nd nature, the intention is
to be determined for 'Hajj' and Umra both. In the third that is in 'Tamattu'
at the time of wearing first 'Ihram', the intention is to be particularized
to Umra only.
The other prominent difference liesin 'Ihram' wearing the duration of
which in the first two kinds lasts upto the fulfillment of all the practices
of 'Hajj', while in the third it ends on reaching Mecca when one has one's
hair cut or shaven after being free from the essentials of Umra i.e. Tawaf
of Ka'ba and Sa'i between Safa and Marwah. He will be able to stay in
Mecca without the restriction of 'Ihram' upto the 8th 'Zilhijja' on which
date he will again wear 'Ihram' on Masjid-ul-Haram (or from his residence
in Mecca etc.) for the purpose of 'Hajj'. the third kind of 'Hajj' is,
of course, comparatively more convenient but 'Qiran' is pre-eminent provided
one successfully sticks to the long-lasting restrictions of 'Ihram'. Otherwise,
it is better perform 'Tamattu'. Anyhow, the practices and dictates for
Hajj, Umra and Ihram are similar to one another in all the three kinds.
the only difference lies in the fact that for a 'Qiran' and 'Mutamatte',
an offering of sacrifice in Mina on the 10th Zilhijja is wajib (essential)
while for a 'Mufrid' it is only 'Mustahab' (desirable).
The intention detailed above for all the three kinds of 'Hajj' stands
determined only by way of making up one's mind and by uttering the words
thereof in one's own language. However it is better to pronounce it in
Arabic language. For instance, in 'Ifrad' the intention is to be pronounced
as follows :
"O Allah : I intend 'Hajj' Render it easy for me and accord it Thy
approval. "
The intention for 'Qiran' should be pronounced as under :
"O Allah ! I intend Hajj and Umra both. Render them easy for me and
accord them Thy approval."
In case of 'Tamattu' the intention at the time of wearing first 'Ihram'
is to be pronounced with these words :
" O Allah : I intend Umra. Render it easy for me and accord it Thy
approval."
The intention has been depicted herein both the languages, Arabic and
English. If one feels and difficulty in cramming up the words of the Arabic
text, the pronouncement of its subject matter in one's own language is
permissible irrespective of its being in any of the languages, English,
Urdu, Persian, Panjabi, Bangla, or Pushto.
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